RIzal NOTES
11 Evils during the time of Rizal
1. Instability of Colonial Administration
- instability of spanish politics since the turbulent reign of King Ferdinand VII
- proof: 1 magistrate was assigned to the Philippines but use the route through the cape of Good hope.
THus after arriving in the country another JURIST was there claiming that he was assigned after him and is now occupying his position.
2. Corrupt Colonial Officials
- spaniards who were sent to the Philippines were not the likes of the spaniards during the Siglo de Oro.Men of the likes of Miguel Cervantes, Lope de Vega, etc.
- such that men of the likes of Gen. Rafael de Izquierdo, a boastful ruthless general.Commanded the execution of the Gomburza
- Gen. Primo de Rivera. became rich by accepting bribes from the casinos in manila which he scandalously allowed to operate.
3. Philippine Representation in Spanish Cortes
- spanish cortes(spanish parliament)
- representatives were sent to the mother country as a democratic act of spain thus allowing the colonies to air out their problems and needs.
- first representative: Ventura de los Reyes (he was successful because he was zealous towards his work).
- Only the first period of the delegation was successful because it is only de los reyes who was devoted and energetic in parliamentary works.
4. Human Rights Denied to Filipinos
- connected to Racial Discrimination, filipinos were deprived of their freedom of speech, press, association, and other human rights except the freedom of religion.
5. No Equality before the Law
- we are seen only equal in the eyes of God. but in the eyes of the spaniards filipinos are of lower clas compared to the spaniards.
6. Maladministration of Justice
- Justice was costly, partial and slow.
- It takes too much money to hire a lawyer who would protect you as a FIlipino
- The decision is partial specially when it is a spaniard who committed the crime. NOnetheless if you are of the locals you will be treated as if you are a convict.
7. Racial Discrimination
- Filipinos were called indios (indians).
- despite the teachings of christ about equality, filipino men and women were treated no less than an animal. THus emphasizing the idea that filipinos are of the lower class compared to the spaniards.
8. Frailocracy
- a government owned by the friars
- controlled the religious and educational life of the Philippines and later in the 19th century they came to acquire political power, influence and riches.
9. Forced Labor
- also known as Polo, Polistas are the people who perform polo
- compulsory labor imposed to adult males.
- Originally, males from 16 - 60 years old were obliged to work for 40 days a year.
- by Royal Decree, it was changed to 16 - 18 years old and reduced numbers to 15.
- the provision included the spanish males but it was never implemented for it is the filipinos who did the dirty work.
- the well-to-do were able to escape the maual labor by paying the falla - the sum of money paid to the gov't. in order to be exempted.
- polistas are supposed to recieve 50 cents or 2 pesetas, but was recieving only half of it, worst nothing.
10. Haciendas owned by Friars
- Different religious orders were the richest landlords.
- Friars were recognized as legal owners of the said lands because they obtained royal titles of ownership from the spanish crown.
11. The Guardia Civil
- purpose of maintaining internal peace and order in the Philippines.
- patterned after the famous and well disciplined GUardia Civil in Spain
JOse Rizal
- birth: June 19, 1861
- calamba, laguna
- 3 days old, baptized by Fr. Rugino Collantes. His Godfather was Father Pedro Casana
- name jose was chosed as a sign of his mother's devotion to San JOse
- 7th of the 11 siblings
- father: Fransisco Mercado; studied latin and Philosophy at the college of San JOse
- mother: Teodora Alonso Realonda; studied at the College of Santa Rosa - - was described as the woman of more culture
SIBLINGS
1. Saturnina - married to Manuel Hidalgo
2. Paciano - confidant of Rizal; joined the philippine revolution after the execution of rizal
3. Narcisa - (sisa) married antonio lopez
4. Olimpia - (ypia) married sylvestre ubaldo
5. Lucia - married to mariano herbosa( denied of a christian burial because he is a bro-in-law of Riza)
6. Maria - (biang) married Daniel Faustino Cruz
7. Jose - greatest filipino hero
8. Concepcion - (concha) died at the age of 3. Her death was rizal's first sorrow
9. Josefa - (panggoy) died an old maid at 80
10. Trinidad - (Trining) old maid 83 yrs of age
11. Soledad - (choleng) married Pantaleon Quintero
ANCESTRY:
- In his veins flowed the blood of East and West- Negrito, Indonesian, Malay, Chinese, Japanese and Spanish
- predominantly he was Malayan.
- great great grandfather was Domingo Lameo, a chinese immigrant from Fukien City of Changchow
- became a christian and married a well-to-do Chinese Christian Girl of Manila Named Ines de la Rosa
- Domingo in 1731 assumed the surname Mercado which was appropriate for him because he is a merchant.
- MErcado means Market
CLASS:
- Belong to the Principalia,
- Rizal family was able to live well was they earned from farms which were rented from the dominican order. they harvested rice corn and sugarcane. They raised pigs, chickens and turkets.
- Dona Teodora managed a general goods store and operated a small flour mill and a home made ham press
- HOuse is made of a large stone situated near the town church
- owned a carriage which is a status sumbol of the ilustrados and a private library which consisted of 1000 volumes.
IN CALAMBA
- a hacienda town which belonged to the Dominican ORder
- Rizal wrote the poem Un Recuerdo A mi Peublo in honor of his town
- rizal was teased as Manong Kose bu the Hermanos and Hermanas Terceras because of his religiousity.
- as he was of the young age, he was told so many stories by her mother, one of which, which is also his favorite is the story of the moth. He was amused of its curiousity and a life lived filled with sheer illusion.
- at the age of 8 he wrote the poen Sa aking mga Kababata
3 InFLUENCEs
- Hereditaty Influence
- Environmental Influence
- Aid of Divine Providence
11 Evils during the time of Rizal
1. Instability of Colonial Administration
- instability of spanish politics since the turbulent reign of King Ferdinand VII
- proof: 1 magistrate was assigned to the Philippines but use the route through the cape of Good hope.
THus after arriving in the country another JURIST was there claiming that he was assigned after him and is now occupying his position.
2. Corrupt Colonial Officials
- spaniards who were sent to the Philippines were not the likes of the spaniards during the Siglo de Oro.Men of the likes of Miguel Cervantes, Lope de Vega, etc.
- such that men of the likes of Gen. Rafael de Izquierdo, a boastful ruthless general.Commanded the execution of the Gomburza
- Gen. Primo de Rivera. became rich by accepting bribes from the casinos in manila which he scandalously allowed to operate.
3. Philippine Representation in Spanish Cortes
- spanish cortes(spanish parliament)
- representatives were sent to the mother country as a democratic act of spain thus allowing the colonies to air out their problems and needs.
- first representative: Ventura de los Reyes (he was successful because he was zealous towards his work).
- Only the first period of the delegation was successful because it is only de los reyes who was devoted and energetic in parliamentary works.
4. Human Rights Denied to Filipinos
- connected to Racial Discrimination, filipinos were deprived of their freedom of speech, press, association, and other human rights except the freedom of religion.
5. No Equality before the Law
- we are seen only equal in the eyes of God. but in the eyes of the spaniards filipinos are of lower clas compared to the spaniards.
6. Maladministration of Justice
- Justice was costly, partial and slow.
- It takes too much money to hire a lawyer who would protect you as a FIlipino
- The decision is partial specially when it is a spaniard who committed the crime. NOnetheless if you are of the locals you will be treated as if you are a convict.
7. Racial Discrimination
- Filipinos were called indios (indians).
- despite the teachings of christ about equality, filipino men and women were treated no less than an animal. THus emphasizing the idea that filipinos are of the lower class compared to the spaniards.
8. Frailocracy
- a government owned by the friars
- controlled the religious and educational life of the Philippines and later in the 19th century they came to acquire political power, influence and riches.
9. Forced Labor
- also known as Polo, Polistas are the people who perform polo
- compulsory labor imposed to adult males.
- Originally, males from 16 - 60 years old were obliged to work for 40 days a year.
- by Royal Decree, it was changed to 16 - 18 years old and reduced numbers to 15.
- the provision included the spanish males but it was never implemented for it is the filipinos who did the dirty work.
- the well-to-do were able to escape the maual labor by paying the falla - the sum of money paid to the gov't. in order to be exempted.
- polistas are supposed to recieve 50 cents or 2 pesetas, but was recieving only half of it, worst nothing.
10. Haciendas owned by Friars
- Different religious orders were the richest landlords.
- Friars were recognized as legal owners of the said lands because they obtained royal titles of ownership from the spanish crown.
11. The Guardia Civil
- purpose of maintaining internal peace and order in the Philippines.
- patterned after the famous and well disciplined GUardia Civil in Spain
JOse Rizal
- birth: June 19, 1861
- calamba, laguna
- 3 days old, baptized by Fr. Rugino Collantes. His Godfather was Father Pedro Casana
- name jose was chosed as a sign of his mother's devotion to San JOse
- 7th of the 11 siblings
- father: Fransisco Mercado; studied latin and Philosophy at the college of San JOse
- mother: Teodora Alonso Realonda; studied at the College of Santa Rosa - - was described as the woman of more culture
SIBLINGS
1. Saturnina - married to Manuel Hidalgo
2. Paciano - confidant of Rizal; joined the philippine revolution after the execution of rizal
3. Narcisa - (sisa) married antonio lopez
4. Olimpia - (ypia) married sylvestre ubaldo
5. Lucia - married to mariano herbosa( denied of a christian burial because he is a bro-in-law of Riza)
6. Maria - (biang) married Daniel Faustino Cruz
7. Jose - greatest filipino hero
8. Concepcion - (concha) died at the age of 3. Her death was rizal's first sorrow
9. Josefa - (panggoy) died an old maid at 80
10. Trinidad - (Trining) old maid 83 yrs of age
11. Soledad - (choleng) married Pantaleon Quintero
ANCESTRY:
- In his veins flowed the blood of East and West- Negrito, Indonesian, Malay, Chinese, Japanese and Spanish
- predominantly he was Malayan.
- great great grandfather was Domingo Lameo, a chinese immigrant from Fukien City of Changchow
- became a christian and married a well-to-do Chinese Christian Girl of Manila Named Ines de la Rosa
- Domingo in 1731 assumed the surname Mercado which was appropriate for him because he is a merchant.
- MErcado means Market
CLASS:
- Belong to the Principalia,
- Rizal family was able to live well was they earned from farms which were rented from the dominican order. they harvested rice corn and sugarcane. They raised pigs, chickens and turkets.
- Dona Teodora managed a general goods store and operated a small flour mill and a home made ham press
- HOuse is made of a large stone situated near the town church
- owned a carriage which is a status sumbol of the ilustrados and a private library which consisted of 1000 volumes.
IN CALAMBA
- a hacienda town which belonged to the Dominican ORder
- Rizal wrote the poem Un Recuerdo A mi Peublo in honor of his town
- rizal was teased as Manong Kose bu the Hermanos and Hermanas Terceras because of his religiousity.
- as he was of the young age, he was told so many stories by her mother, one of which, which is also his favorite is the story of the moth. He was amused of its curiousity and a life lived filled with sheer illusion.
- at the age of 8 he wrote the poen Sa aking mga Kababata
3 InFLUENCEs
- Hereditaty Influence
- Environmental Influence
- Aid of Divine Providence
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